Serial interface module, with analog and digital I/O — AVR

Serial (RS-232) interface module; providing 6 analog and 2 digital inputs, and 9 digital outputs. Uses an AVR ATmega8 microcontroller.

Details

This interface module provides 6 analog and 2 digital inputs, and 9 digital outputs for the computer serial port.

The outputs are open collector, meaning GND when activated. Max load per output is 100mA.

The digital inputs are triggered when they are pulled low (connected to GND). The A/D converter on the analog inputs is 10-bit.

This module used to be installed in the rack box, where it measured the voltage of the 5, 13.8 and 24 volt supply and the temperature.

The two auxiliary analog inputs where used for two external LM35 temperature sensors outside the rack box. A 1uF capacitor was connected between GND and the signal input, this removed noise and stabilized the input signal.

I/O

Inputs

• PC0 5V voltage meter
• PC1 13.8V voltage meter
• PC2 24V voltage meter
• PC3 Temperature rack box
• PC4 Input 5 (Analog)
• PC5 Input 6 (Analog)
• PD5 Input 7
• PD6 Input 8

Calculations

Voltage

(ADC × 5) × 0.006 ≈ V ± 0.03 

Temperature

ADC × 5
------- ≈ °C ± 0.5
  10

Outputs

• PB0 Output 1
• PB1 Output 2
• PB2 Output 3
• PB3 Output 4
• PB4 Output 5
• PB5 Output 6
• PB6 Output 7
• PB7 Output 8
• PD2 Output 9
• PD3 Lifesignal (to Module stability monitoring unit 2)
• PD4 Link activity

D-sub 25-pin

1. 13.8V
2. 0V
3. Input 5V (Analog)
4. Input 24V (Analog)
5. 5V to analog sensor
6. 0V to analog sensor
7. Input 5 (Analog)
8. Input 6 (Analog)
9. Input 7
10. Input 8
11. Output 1
12. Output 2
13. Output 3
14. Output 4
15. Output 5
16. Output 6
17. Output 7
18. Output 8
19. Output 9
20. Lifesignal

Communication

Interfacing is done with RS-232, using MAX232 or MAX202 and the SIOS protocol.

Serial settings

• Baud: 38400
• Data bits: 8
• Parity: None
• Stop bits: 1

Source code

Photos

LM35 sensors

Schematic drawing

Parts list

• 1 × AVR ATmega8-16PU, DIL-28, 16 MHz, 23 I/Os
• 5 × Capacitor, aluminium electrolytic, 1 µF, 50V
• 1 × Capacitor, aluminium electrolytic, 10 µF, 25V
• 2 × Capacitor, aluminium electrolytic, 47 µF, 25V
• 2 × Capacitor, ceramic, 1 nF, 100V
• 2 × Capacitor, metallized polyester foil, 10 nF, (0.01 µF)
• 1 × D-sub soldering cups, 25 pin male
• 1 × D-sub soldering cups, 9 pin female
• 1 × DIL socket, 16-pin, 7.62mm
• 1 × DIL socket, 28-pin, 7.62mm
• 1 × Enclosure, plastic (1591 FL), 150x80x50mm, flange
• 1 × Fuse 5x20 mm, 1 A, fast-acting
• 1 × Fuse holder, panel, 5x20mm, PTF30
• 1 × Heatsink, 27.3K/W, 19mm, attachable, TO220
• 1 × LED 5mm clear, Green, 2.1V, 20mA, 385mcd, 6°
• 1 × LED 5mm clear, Yellow, 2.0V, 20mA, 250mcd, 6°
• 2 × LED holder 5mm, Black plastic
• 64 cm2 PCB, stripboard, 100x160mm, 160cm2
• 4 × Resistor, carbon film, 0.25W, 330 Ω, 5%
• 11 × Resistor, carbon film, 0.25W, 4.7 kΩ, 5%
• 2 × Resistor, carbon film, 0.25W, 10 kΩ, 5%
• 3 × Resistor, carbon film, 0.25W, 100 kΩ, 5%
• 3 × Resistor, metal film, 0.6W, 20 kΩ, 1%
• 1 × RS232 interface, MAX232CPE, dual
• 1 × Spacer, round unthreaded, 3mm, Ø6mm, Delrin
• 33 × Straight pin header, female, Single row, 2.54mm
• 33 × Straight pin header, male, Single row, 2.54mm
• 1 × Temperature sensor LM35DZ, 0 to +100 °C, +-0,6 °C
• 10 × Transistor, NPN, 100 mA, 45V, 0.5W, BC547B
• 1 × Voltage regulator +5V, 2 A, L78S05CV

External temperature sensor

• 1 × Capacitor, aluminium electrolytic, 1 µF, 50V
• 1 × Capacitor, aluminium electrolytic, 10 µF, 25V
• 1 × Capacitor, metallized polyester foil, 10 nF, (0.01 µF)
• 2 m Control cable, 4-cores, 0.25mm2, 250 V, Ø 4.6mm
• 1 × Enclosure, plastic (1551), 50x50x20mm
• 1 × Resistor, carbon film, 0.25W, 75 Ω, 5%
• 1 × Temperature sensor LM35DZ, 0 to +100 °C, +-0,6 °C